ARCHETYPE Body surface area (openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_surface_area.v1)

ARCHETYPE IDopenEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_surface_area.v1
ConceptBody surface area
DescriptionThe measured or calculated surface area of a human body.
UseUse to record the measured or calculated surface area of a human body. BSA can be used to support clinical decision-making, including but not limited to: - determine the dosage of chemotherapy and other drugs with a narrow therapeutic index; - calculation of the cardiac index; and - calculation of intravenous fluid requirements.
MisuseNot to be used to record the percentage of body surface area involvement in burns or other skin damage etc. This information should be carried in separate specific archetypes related to burns assessment. Not to be used to record the adjusted Body surface area eg a calculation of the BSA of a person with limb amputation, based on other body part measurements and an algorithm - use OBSERVATION.body_surface_area-adjusted.
PurposeTo record the measured or calculated surface area of a human body.
ReferencesWikipedia contributors. Body surface area. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. April 3, 2018. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_surface_area. Accessed April 18, 2018.

Mosteller RD: Simplified Calculation of Body Surface Area. N Engl J Med 1987 Oct 22;317(17):1098 (letter)

DuBois D; DuBois EF: A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch Int Med 1916 17:863-71.

Haycock G.B., Schwartz G.J.,Wisotsky D.H. Geometric method for measuring body surface area: A height weight formula validated in infants, children and adults. The Journal of Pediatrics 1978 93:1:62-66

Gehan EA, George SL, Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight. Cancer Chemother Rep 1970 54:225-35.

Boyd E, The growth of the surface area of the human body. Minneapolis: university of Minnesota Press, 1935. (Formula from: http://www.ispub.com/journals/IJA/Vol2N2/bsa.htm )

Lam TK, Leung DT: More on simplified calculation of body-surface area. N Engl J Med 1988 Apr 28;318(17):1130, (letter).

Wang Y, Moss J, Thisted R. Predictors of body surface area. J Clin Anesth. 1992; 4(1):4-10.
Copyright© openEHR Foundation
AuthorsAuthor name: Cailin Lowry
Organisation: The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse at RPA
Email: cailin.lowry@lifehouserpa.org.au
Date originally authored: 2012-12-07
Other Details LanguageAuthor name: Cailin Lowry
Organisation: The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse at RPA
Email: cailin.lowry@lifehouserpa.org.au
Date originally authored: 2012-12-07
OtherDetails Language Independent{licence=This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/., custodian_organisation=openEHR Foundation, references=Wikipedia contributors. Body surface area. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. April 3, 2018. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_surface_area. Accessed April 18, 2018. Mosteller RD: Simplified Calculation of Body Surface Area. N Engl J Med 1987 Oct 22;317(17):1098 (letter) DuBois D; DuBois EF: A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch Int Med 1916 17:863-71. Haycock G.B., Schwartz G.J.,Wisotsky D.H. Geometric method for measuring body surface area: A height weight formula validated in infants, children and adults. The Journal of Pediatrics 1978 93:1:62-66 Gehan EA, George SL, Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight. Cancer Chemother Rep 1970 54:225-35. Boyd E, The growth of the surface area of the human body. Minneapolis: university of Minnesota Press, 1935. (Formula from: http://www.ispub.com/journals/IJA/Vol2N2/bsa.htm ) Lam TK, Leung DT: More on simplified calculation of body-surface area. N Engl J Med 1988 Apr 28;318(17):1130, (letter). Wang Y, Moss J, Thisted R. Predictors of body surface area. J Clin Anesth. 1992; 4(1):4-10., original_namespace=org.openehr, original_publisher=openEHR Foundation, custodian_namespace=org.openehr, MD5-CAM-1.0.1=C3362CD4E1C6A0A7484CBD220AA6A306, build_uid=a148404b-53c7-44fa-b5e8-6f84e04863d0, revision=1.1.3}
Keywordsbody, surface, area, BSA, surface area
Lifecyclepublished
UID47c86b03-8289-497c-8203-5234618614ad
Language useden
Citeable Identifier1246.145.1302
Revision Number1.1.3
AllArchetype [runtimeNameConstraintForConceptName=null, archetypeConceptBinding=null, archetypeConceptDescription=The measured or calculated surface area of a human body., archetypeConceptComment=May also be referred to as BSA., otherContributors=Tomas Alme, Norway
Vebjørn Arntzen, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
Koray Atalag, University of Auckland, New Zealand
Heidi Aursand, Oslo universitetssykehus, Norway
Gustavo Bacelar-Silva, Healthcare Designs, Brazil (openEHR Editor)
Silje Ljosland Bakke, Nasjonal IKT HF, Norway (openEHR Editor)
Malin Berg, DIPS ASA, Norway
Lars Bitsch-Larsen, Haukeland University hospital, Norway
Laila Bruun, Oslo universitetssykehus HF, Norway
Margaret Campbell, Queensland Health, Australia
Rong Chen, Cambio Healthcare Systems, Sweden
Lisbeth Dahlhaug, Helse Midt - Norge IT, Norway
Einar Fosse, National Centre for Integrated Care and Telemedicine, Norway
Sebastian Garde, Ocean Informatics, Germany
Christian Ghan, Lifehouse, Australia
Heather Grain, Llewelyn Grain Informatics, Australia
Sam Heard, Ocean Informatics, Australia
Hilde Hollås, DIPS AS, Norway
Evelyn Hovenga, EJSH Consulting, Australia
Lars Karlsen, DIPS ASA, Norway
Lars Morgan Karlsen, DIPS ASA, Norway
Thomas Kilvær, Universitetssykehuset Nord Norge, Norway
Shinji Kobayashi, Kyoto University, Japan
Harmony Kosola, Alberta Health Services, Canada
Liv Laugen, Oslo universitetssykehus, Norway
Heather Leslie, Atomica Informatics, Australia (openEHR Editor)
Siv Marie Lien, DIPS ASA, Norway
Ole Martin Sand, DIPS ASA, Norway
Ian McNicoll, freshEHR Clinical Informatics, United Kingdom (openEHR Editor)
Lars Ivar Mehlum, Nasjonal IKT HF, Norway
Bjoern Naess, DIPS ASA, Norway
Andrej Orel, Marand d.o.o., Slovenia
Jussara Rotzsch, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
Elisabeth Sagafos, Sykehuset Telemark HF, Norway
Gro-Hilde Severinsen, Norwegian center for ehealthresearch, Norway
Line Silsand, Universitetssykehuset i Nord-Norge, Norway
Trine Strand, Oslo Universitetssykehus (OUS), Norway
Norwegian Review Summary, Nasjonal IKT HF, Norway
Micaela Thierley, Helse Bergen/Haraldsplass sykehus, Norway
Rowan Thomas, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia
John Tore Valand, Haukeland Universitetssjukehus, Norway (Nasjonal IKT redaktør)
Richard Townley-O'Neill, Australian Digital Health Agency, Australia
Gro-Hilde Ulriksen, Norwegian center for ehealthresearch, Norway
Dennis Valk, Code24 BV, Netherlands, originalLanguage=en, translators=
  • German: Aljoscha Kindermann, University Hospital of Heidelberg, aljoscha.kindermann@med.uni-heidelberg.de, Data Steward HiGHmed Use Case Cardiology
  • Finnish: Vesa Peltola, Tieto Finland, vesa.peltola@tieto.com
  • Norwegian Bokmål: John Tore Valand, Haukeland Universitetssjukehus, john.tore.valand@helse-bergen.no
, subjectOfData=unconstrained, archetypeTranslationTree=null, topLevelToAshis={source=[], context=[], details=[], credentials=[], events=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0002], code=at0002, itemType=EVENT, level=2, text=Any event, description=Default, unspecified point in time or interval event which may be explicitly defined in a template or at run-time., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..*, occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=EVENT, bindings=null, values=null, extendedValues=null]], description=[], identities=[], protocol=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0009], code=at0009, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Method, description=The method by which the body surface area was entered into the clinical system., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values=
  • System entry [The Area was entered automatically by the clinical system and without manual intervention of the clinician.]
  • Manual entry [The Area was entered manually by the clinician.]
, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0006], code=at0006, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Formula, description=Formula used to calculate the BSA., comment=For example: Mosteller, DuBois and DuBois, Haycock and Boyd., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CHOICE, bindings=null, values=Choice of:
  •  Coded Text
    • Dubois and Dubois [The Dubois and Dubois formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Mosteller [The Mosteller formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Haycock [The Haycock formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Gehan and George [The Gehan and George formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Boyd [The Boyd formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Fujimoto [The Fujimoto formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Takihara [The Takihara formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
  •  Text
, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0008], code=at0008, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Device, description=The device used to measure or estimate the body surface area., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..*, occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0007], code=at0007, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Extension, description=Additional information required to capture local content or to align with other reference models/formalisms., comment=For example: local information requirements or additional metadata to align with FHIR or CIMI equivalents., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..*, occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes, extendedValues=null]], content=[], activities=[], state=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/state[at0020]/items[at0021], code=at0021, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Confounding factors, description=Record of any issues or factors that may impact on the measurement or calculation of body surface area., comment=For example: noting limb amputation; or skin diseases., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null]], contacts=[], other_participations=[], target=[], provider=[], ism_transition=[], capabilities=[], items=[], data=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0004], code=at0004, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Body Surface Area, description=The measured or calculated surface area of a human body., comment=For example: '1.81 m2', uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=1..1, occurencesText=Mandatory, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=C_DV_QUANTITY, bindings=null, values=Property: Area
Units: >=0.0 m2
Limit decimal places: 2, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0019], code=at0019, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Comment, description=Additional narrative about the measurement, not captured in other fields., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null]], relationships=[]}, topLevelItems={state=ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=ROOT_/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/state[at0020], code=at0020, itemType=ITEM_TREE, level=2, text=null, description=null, comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=1..1, occurencesText=Mandatory, cardinalityFormal=0..1, cardinalityText=optional, subCardinalityFormal=0..*, subCardinalityText=Minimum of 0 items, dataType=ITEM_TREE, bindings=null, values=null, extendedValues=null], data=ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=ROOT_/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003], code=at0003, itemType=ITEM_TREE, level=2, text=null, description=null, comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=1..1, occurencesText=Mandatory, cardinalityFormal=0..1, cardinalityText=optional, subCardinalityFormal=1..*, subCardinalityText=, dataType=ITEM_TREE, bindings=null, values=null, extendedValues=null], protocol=ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=ROOT_/protocol[at0005], code=at0005, itemType=ITEM_TREE, level=0, text=null, description=null, comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=1..1, occurencesText=Mandatory, cardinalityFormal=0..1, cardinalityText=optional, subCardinalityFormal=0..*, subCardinalityText=Minimum of 0 items, dataType=ITEM_TREE, bindings=null, values=null, extendedValues=null]}, addHierarchyItemsTo=protocol, currentHierarchyItemsForAdding=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0009], code=at0009, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Method, description=The method by which the body surface area was entered into the clinical system., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values=
  • System entry [The Area was entered automatically by the clinical system and without manual intervention of the clinician.]
  • Manual entry [The Area was entered manually by the clinician.]
, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0006], code=at0006, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Formula, description=Formula used to calculate the BSA., comment=For example: Mosteller, DuBois and DuBois, Haycock and Boyd., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CHOICE, bindings=null, values=Choice of:
  •  Coded Text
    • Dubois and Dubois [The Dubois and Dubois formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Mosteller [The Mosteller formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Haycock [The Haycock formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Gehan and George [The Gehan and George formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Boyd [The Boyd formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Fujimoto [The Fujimoto formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
    • Takihara [The Takihara formula was used to calculate the body surface area.]
  •  Text
, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0008], code=at0008, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Device, description=The device used to measure or estimate the body surface area., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..*, occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0005]/items[at0007], code=at0007, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Extension, description=Additional information required to capture local content or to align with other reference models/formalisms., comment=For example: local information requirements or additional metadata to align with FHIR or CIMI equivalents., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..*, occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes, extendedValues=null]], minIndents={}, termBindingRetrievalErrorMessage=null]