Farris AB, Adams CD, Brousaides N, Della Pelle PA, Collins AB, Moradi E, Smith RN, Grimm PC, and Colvin RB (2011). Morphometric and visual evaluation of fibrosis in renal biopsies. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:176-186.
Berden AE, Ferrario F, Hagen EC, Jayne DR, Jennette JC, Joh K, Neumann I, Noel LH, Pusey CD, Waldherr R, Bruijn JA, and Bajema IM (2010). Histopathologic classification of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 21:1628-1636.
Koss MN. Handling and interpretation of the medical renal biopsy (2014). Methods Mol Biol; 1180: 323-336
Racusen LC, Solez K, Colvin RB et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney International 1999; 55: 713-723
Solez K, Colvin RB, Racusen LC et al. Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology: Updates and future directions. American Journal of Transplantation 2008; 8: 753-760
Jennette JC, D'Agati VD, Olson JL, Silva F. Heptinstall's Pathology of the Kidney. LWW, Philadelphia: 2014;
Weening JJ, D'Agati VD, Schwartz MM, Seshan SV, Alpers CE, Appel GB, Balow JE, Bruijn JA, Cook T, Ferrario F, Fogo AB, Ginzler EM, Hebert L, Hill G, Hill P, Jennette JC, Kong NC, Lesavre P, Lockshin M, Looi LM, Makino H, Moura LA, Nagata M. The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Feb;15(2):241-50. Erratum in: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Mar;15(3):835-6.
Working Group of the International IgA Nephropathy Network and the Renal Pathology Society, Roberts IS, Cook HT, Troyanov S, Alpers CE, Amore A, Barratt J, Berthoux F, Bonsib S, Bruijn JA, Cattran DC, Coppo R, D'Agati V, D'Amico G, Emancipator S, Emma F, Feehally J, Ferrario F, Fervenza FC, Florquin S, Fogo A, Geddes CC, Groene HJ, Haas M, Herzenberg AM, Hill PA, Hogg RJ, Hsu SI, Jennette JC, Joh K, Julian BA, Kawamura T, Lai FM, Li LS, Li PK, Liu ZH, Mackinnon B, Mezzano S, Schena FP, Tomino Y, Walker PD, Wang H, Weening JJ, Yoshikawa N, Zhang H. The Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy: pathology definitions, correlations, and reproducibility. Kidney Int. 2009 Sep;76(5):546-56.
Organisation: Haukeland University Hospital
Email: sabine.leh@helse-bergen.no
Date originally authored: 2014-06-08
Organisation: Haukeland University Hospital
Email: sabine.leh@helse-bergen.no
Date originally authored: 2014-06-08
- Licence: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.
- Custodian Organisation: Nasjonal IKT
- References: Chang A, Gibson IW, Cohen AH, Weening JW, Jennette JC, and Fogo AB (2012). A position paper on standardizing the nonneoplastic kidney biopsy report. Hum Pathol 43:1192-1196. Farris AB, Adams CD, Brousaides N, Della Pelle PA, Collins AB, Moradi E, Smith RN, Grimm PC, and Colvin RB (2011). Morphometric and visual evaluation of fibrosis in renal biopsies. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:176-186. Berden AE, Ferrario F, Hagen EC, Jayne DR, Jennette JC, Joh K, Neumann I, Noel LH, Pusey CD, Waldherr R, Bruijn JA, and Bajema IM (2010). Histopathologic classification of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 21:1628-1636. Koss MN. Handling and interpretation of the medical renal biopsy (2014). Methods Mol Biol; 1180: 323-336 Racusen LC, Solez K, Colvin RB et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney International 1999; 55: 713-723 Solez K, Colvin RB, Racusen LC et al. Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology: Updates and future directions. American Journal of Transplantation 2008; 8: 753-760 Jennette JC, D'Agati VD, Olson JL, Silva F. Heptinstall's Pathology of the Kidney. LWW, Philadelphia: 2014; Weening JJ, D'Agati VD, Schwartz MM, Seshan SV, Alpers CE, Appel GB, Balow JE, Bruijn JA, Cook T, Ferrario F, Fogo AB, Ginzler EM, Hebert L, Hill G, Hill P, Jennette JC, Kong NC, Lesavre P, Lockshin M, Looi LM, Makino H, Moura LA, Nagata M. The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Feb;15(2):241-50. Erratum in: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Mar;15(3):835-6. Working Group of the International IgA Nephropathy Network and the Renal Pathology Society, Roberts IS, Cook HT, Troyanov S, Alpers CE, Amore A, Barratt J, Berthoux F, Bonsib S, Bruijn JA, Cattran DC, Coppo R, D'Agati V, D'Amico G, Emancipator S, Emma F, Feehally J, Ferrario F, Fervenza FC, Florquin S, Fogo A, Geddes CC, Groene HJ, Haas M, Herzenberg AM, Hill PA, Hogg RJ, Hsu SI, Jennette JC, Joh K, Julian BA, Kawamura T, Lai FM, Li LS, Li PK, Liu ZH, Mackinnon B, Mezzano S, Schena FP, Tomino Y, Walker PD, Wang H, Weening JJ, Yoshikawa N, Zhang H. The Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy: pathology definitions, correlations, and reproducibility. Kidney Int. 2009 Sep;76(5):546-56.
- Current Contact: Sabine Leh, Haukeland University Hospital, sabine.leh@helse-bergen.no
- Original Namespace: no.nasjonalikt
- Original Publisher: Nasjonal IKT
- Custodian Namespace: no.nasjonalikt
- MD5-CAM-1.0.1: 45ED5CF84F253443E59D1D1B2084F07C
- Build Uid: be1b5cc5-9918-4c14-99ff-1709f66d79f4
- Revision: 0.0.1-alpha
Choice of:
Coded Text- Present [Cortical tissue present.]
- Absent [Cortical tissue absent.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of cortical tissue has not been determined.]
Quantity
Property: Length
Units: mm
Proportion- Percent
Assumed value: false
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Present [Medullary tissue present.]
- Absent [Medullary tissue absent.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of medullary tissue has not been determined.]
- Quantity
Property: Length
Units: mm - Proportion
- Percent
Assumed value: false
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Sceletal muscle and/or fat tissue and/or connective tissue [Sceletal muscle and/or fat tissue and/or connective tissue present.]
- Renal pelvis mucosa [Renal pelvis mucosa present.]
Text
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Mesangial matrix is not increased.]
- Slight [Mesangial matrix is slightly increased.]
- Moderate [Mesangial matrix is moderately increased.]
- Severe [Mesangial matrix is severely increased.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain, whether mesangial matrix is increased.]
- Indeterminate [Mesangial matrix increase could not be assessed. e.g. due to bad morphology.]
Boolean
Definitions based on Roberts et al, 2009.
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [There is no increase in mesangial cells.]
- Slight [There is a slight increase in mesangial cellularity, usually 4-5 cells per mesangial area.]
- Moderate [There is a moderate increase in mesangial cellularity, usually 6-7 cells per mesangial area.]
- Severe [There is a severe increase in mesangial cellularity, usually 8 or more cells per mesangial area.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether there is an increase in mesangial cellularity or not.]
- Indeterminate [Mesangial cellularity could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad morphology or thick sections.]
- Boolean
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Mesangial nodules are absent.]
- Present [Mesangial nodules are present.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether mesangial nodules are present.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of mesangial nodules could not be assessed, e.g. because of bad sections.]
- Boolean
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Glomerular capillary walls are not thickened.]
- Focal [Glomerular capillary walls are focally thickened.]
- Diffuse [Glomerular capillary walls are diffusely thickened.]
- Segmental [Glomerular capillary walls are segmentally thickened.]
- Global [Glomerular capillary walls are globally thickened.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether glomerular capillary walls are thickened.]
- Indeterminate [Glomerular capillary wall thickness could not be assessed, e.g. due to section thickness.]
- Boolean
Choice of:
- Boolean
- Coded Text
- Absent [Capillary wall duplication is not present.]
- Focal [Capillary wall duplication is focally present.]
- Diffuse [Capillary wall duplication is diffusely present.]
- Segmental [Capillary wall duplication is segmentally present.]
- Global [Capillary wall duplication is globally present.]
- Equivocal [It is unceratin whether capillary wall duplication is present.]
- Indeterminate [Capillary wall thickening could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad morphology.]
Choice of:
- Text
- Coded Text
- Present [Mesangial interposition is present.]
- Absent [Mesangial interposition is absent.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether mesangial interposition is present.]
- Indeterminate [Mesangial interposition could not be assessed, e.g. because of bad sections.]
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Intracapillary thrombi are absent.]
- Focal [Intracapillary thrombi are present in less than half of the glomeruli.]
- Diffuse [Intracapillary thrombi are present in more than half of the glomeruli.]
- Segmental [Intracapillary thrombi are present only in a part of the glomerular tuft.]
- Global [Intracapillary thrombi are present in the whole glomerular tuft.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether intracapillary thrombi are present or not.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of intracapillary thrombi could not be assessed, e.g. because of bad sections.]
- Text
- Hyalin [The intracapillary thrombi are mainly hyalinous.]
- Fibrin [The intracapillary thrombi consist mainly of fibrin.]
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Endocapillary hypercellularity is not present.]
- Focal [Endocapillary hypercellularity is focally present.]
- Diffuse [Endocapillary hypercellularity is diffusely present.]
- Segmental [Endocapillary hypercellularity is segmentally present.]
- Global [Endocapillary hypercellularity is globally present.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether there is endocapillary hypercellularity.]
- Indeterminate [Endocapillary cellularity could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad morphology.]
- Boolean
Choice of:
- Text
- Coded Text
- Endothelial cells [Endothelial cells are part of the intracapillary infiltrate.]
- Macrophages [Macrophages are part of the intracapillary infiltrate.]
- Neutrophil granulocytes [Neutrophil granulocytes are part of the intracapillary infiltrate.]
- Lymphocytes [Lymphocytes are part of the intracapillary infiltrate.]
- Atypical cells [Atypical cells are part of the intracapillary infiltrate.]
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Absent [Podocyte size is normal.]
- Slight [Podocytes are slightly enlarged.]
- Moderate [Podocytes are moderately enlarged.]
- Severe [Podocytes are severely enlarged.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether podocyte size is normal or enlarged.]
- Indeterminate [Podocyte size could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad morphology.]
- Text
- Boolean
- Absent [Bi- or multinucleated podocytes are not seen.]
- Present [Bi- or multinucleated podocytes are seen.]
- Equivocal [Presence of bi- or mulitnucleated podocytes is equivocal.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of bi- or mulitnucleated podocytes has not been determined.]
Assumed value: Absent
- Absent [Podocytes with resorption droplets are not present.]
- Singular cells [One or few podocytes with resorption droplets are present.]
- Numerous cells [Numerous podocytes with resorption droplets are present.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether podocytes with resorption droplets are present or not.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of podocytes with resorption droplets could not be assessed, e.g. due tof bad morphology.]
- Absent [Podocytes with resorption droplets are not present.]
- Singular [One of few podocytes with resorption droplets are present.]
- Numerous [Numerous podocytes with resorption droplets are present.]
- Equivocal [It is uncertain whether podocytes with resorption droplets are present or not.]
- Indeterminate [Presence of podocytes with resorption droplets could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad morphology.]
Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes
- Hyaline droplet change [PAS positive absorption droplets in the epithelium of proximal tubules, usually indicating glomerular proteinuria.]
- Fine vacuolization [Fine, even vacuolization of the proximal tubular epithelium. Hydropic change is a synonym. If related to infusion of hypertonic solutions, the change is also described as osmotic nephrosis. If related to cyclosporin therapy, the change is called isometric vacuolization.]
- Coarse vacuolization [Irregular and coarse vacuolization of the tubular epithelium. The change might be associated with hypokaliemia or tubulotoxicity.]
- Fatty change [Fine vacuoles containing lipid, often at the base of the tubular epithelial cells. Fat can be demonstrated by lipid stains on frozen sections.]
- Giant mitochondria [Enlarged mitochondria visuable as eosinophilic bodies in tubular epithelial cells.]
- Tamm Horsfall protein [Presence of intratubular Tamm Horsfall protein.]
- Hyaline casts [Presence of hyalin casts in tubular lumen.]
- Granular casts [Presence of granular casts in tubular lumen.]
- Detached cells [Detached cells, commonly epithelial cells, present in the tubular lumen.]
- Red blood cells [Collections of red blood cells or red blood cell casts present in tubular lumen.]
- Granulocytes [Presence of neutrophil granulocytes in tubular lumen.]
- Mixed casts [Casts consisting of more than one component.]
- Pigmented casts [Discolorated casts e.g. due to hemoglobin, myoglobin, drug pigments, bilirubin, melanin.]
- Myeloma casts [Characteristic myeloma casts, often surrounded by reactive tubular epithelial cells. or multinucleated cells, present in tubular lumen.]
- Crystals [Crystals present in tubular lumen.]
- Absent [Tubular atrophy is not present or minimal (few transsections).]
- Slight [Tubular atrophy in up to 25 % of the area of cortical tubules.]
- Moderate [Tubular atrophy involving 25 - 50% of the area of cortical tubules.]
- Severe [Tubular atrophy present in more than 50% of the area of cortical tubules.]
- Indeterminate [Tubular atrophy could not be assessed, e.g. due to bad sections.]
Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Sirius red unpolarized [Sirius red stain unpolarized used for fibrosis quantification by image analysis]
- Sirius red polarized [Sirius red stain polarized used for fibrosis quantification by image analysis]
- Collagen III immunohistochemistry [Collagen III immunohistochemical stain used for fibrosis quantification by image analysis]
- Text
Property: Proportion
Units: %
Property: Proportion
Units: <=0.0 %
Limit decimal places: 0
Property: Proportion
Units: %
Limit decimal places: 0
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Not present/minimal [There is no intimal sclerosis or intimal sclerosis is minimal.]
- Mild [There is < 25% lumen narrowing by intimal fibrosis.]
- Moderate [There is 25% - 50% lumen narrowing by intimal fibrosis.]
- Severe [There is > 50% lumen narrowing by intimal fibrosis.]
- Text
Choice of:
- Text
- Coded Text
- Absent [Arteriolosclerosis not present.]
- Present - nodular [Nodular arteriolosclerosis is present.]
- Present - circumferential [Circumferential arteriolosclerosis is present.]
Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes
Include:
All not explicitly excluded archetypes