Taylor B. Predicting Real World Hearing Aid Benefit with Speech Audiometry: An Evidence-Based Review; 2007 May 07 [cited 2013 Feb 08]. Available from: http://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/predicting-real-world-hearing-aid-946.
Madel J, Flexer C. Pediatric Audiology: Diagnosis, Technology, and Management. Thieme Medical Publishers; 2008. Chapter 10, Evaluation of Speech Perception in Infants and Children, p89-105.
Gordon-Salant S. Age-related differences in speech recognition performance as a function of test format and paradigm. Ear Hear. 1987 Oct;8(5):277-82. PubMed PMID: 3678641.
Nilsson M, Soli S D, Sullivan, J A. Development of the Hearing In Noise Test for the measurement of speech reception thresholds in quiet and in noise. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 1085 (1994), DOI:10.1121/1.408469.
Organisation: Hearing Institute, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Email: mareike.buhl@uni-oldenburg.de
Date originally authored: 2025-12-01
Organisation: Hearing Institute, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Email: mareike.buhl@uni-oldenburg.de
Date originally authored: 2025-12-01
- Licence: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
- Custodian Organisation: HiGHmed
- References: Derived from: Audiology Speech Test Result, Draft archetype [Internet]. Australian Digital Health Agency (NEHTA), ADHA Clinical Knowledge Manager. Authored: 2013 Jan 13. Available at: http://dcm.nehta.org.au/ckm#showArchetype_1013.1.1174_3 (discontinued). Taylor B. Predicting Real World Hearing Aid Benefit with Speech Audiometry: An Evidence-Based Review; 2007 May 07 [cited 2013 Feb 08]. Available from: http://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/predicting-real-world-hearing-aid-946. Madel J, Flexer C. Pediatric Audiology: Diagnosis, Technology, and Management. Thieme Medical Publishers; 2008. Chapter 10, Evaluation of Speech Perception in Infants and Children, p89-105. Gordon-Salant S. Age-related differences in speech recognition performance as a function of test format and paradigm. Ear Hear. 1987 Oct;8(5):277-82. PubMed PMID: 3678641. Nilsson M, Soli S D, Sullivan, J A. Development of the Hearing In Noise Test for the measurement of speech reception thresholds in quiet and in noise. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 1085 (1994), DOI:10.1121/1.408469.
- Current Contact: Heather Leslie, Atomica Informatics, Australia
- Original Namespace: org.highmed
- Original Publisher: HiGHmed
- Custodian Namespace: org.highmed
- MD5-CAM-1.0.1: AEE12A6346A695DEB68AE59E16551EB3
- Build Uid: f63cb2e9-748b-48c2-9563-c1d300b921ad
- Revision: 0.0.1-alpha
Use published name (including a reference) if possible.
Add language terminology at template level to include all coded options.
- Female [Stimuli presented by a female talker.]
- Male [Stimuli presented by a male talker.]
- Synthetic female [Stimuli presented by a synthetically generated female voice.]
- Synthetic male [Stimuli presented by a synthetically generated male voice.]
- Child [Stimuli presented by a child.]
- Synthetic child [Stimuli presented by a synthetically generated children voice.]
- Sentence [An announcement sentence is presented prior to each stimulus.]
- Non-speech auditory cue [A non-speech auditory announcement is presented prior to each stimulus (e.g., beep).]
- Visual cue [A visual cue is presented prior to each stimulus (e.g., flashing light).]
- Without [No announcement prior to each stimulus.]
- Quiet [The speech test is conducted without background noise.]
- Noise [The speech test is conducted in background noise.]
Only applicable for speech in noise tests measured adaptively.
- Speech [The speech level is kept constant during the test.]
- Noise [The noise level is kept constant during the test.]
Applicable for adaptive measurements.
Choice of:
Coded Text- One-up one-down [Level control according to one-up one-down procedure (e.g., Levitt, 1971).]
- Brand & Kollmeier (2002) [Level control according to Brand & Kollmeier (2002).]
Text
Property: Loudness
Units: dB
Limit decimal places: 0
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Nonsense syllable [A consonant-vowel (CV) or CCV or VC or VCC item that is not a real word but is phonotactically correct.]
- Nonsense CVC [Nonsense word comprising a consonant, then a vowel, then a final consonant, for example, "wub" or "yat".]
- Nonsense word [A speech stimulus that is not a real word but is phonotactically correct.]
- Monosyllabic word [A word comprised of a single syllable. For example, 'green'.]
- Spondee word [A word comprised of 2 syllables with equal stress on each syllable. For example, 'sunshine'.]
- Trochee word [A word that is comprised of two syllables with stress on the first syllable. For example 'bucket'.]
- Matrix sentence [Sentence composed of a fixed syntactical structure without meaningful context.]
- Meaningful sentence [A grammatical unit of one or more words that expresses an independent statement, question, request, command, exclamation, everyday-sentences etc.]
- Number [A number.]
- Digit triplet [A sequence of three digits.]
- Phoneme [A phoneme.]
- Text
Only applicable if 'Directionality characteristics' is 'Virtual acoustics'.
Property: Angle, plane
Units: 0.0..360.0 °
Only applicable if 'Directionality characteristics' is 'Virtual acoustics'.
Property: Angle, plane
Units: 0.0..360.0 °
Assumed value: 0.0°
Limit decimal places: -1
Can be repeated for several, directional noise stimuli, for example: competing talkers from different azimuth directions.
Not applicable for speech in quiet tests.
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- White noise [Noise that has the same power at all frequencies (i.e., a flat power spectrum).]
- Speech spectrum noise [Noise spectrum that approximates the average long term speech spectrum.]
- Multitalker babble [A recording of the voices of many people who are talking simultaneously, resulting in an unintelligible babble.]
- Alternate speaker [The masker is a single person speaking and this speaker is different to the speaker used for the test stimulus.]
- Text
Only applicable if 'Directionality characteristics' is 'Virtual acoustics'.
Property: Angle, plane
Units: 0.0..360.0 °
Only applicable if 'Directionality characteristics' is 'Virtual acoustics'.
Property: Angle, plane
Units: 0.0..360.0 °
Assumed value: 0.0°
Limit decimal places: -1
Not applicable for speech in quiet tests.
Diotic and dichotic: no virtual acoustics.
- Diotic [The same sound is presented to both ears.]
- Dichotic [Different sounds are presented to both ears.]
- Virtual acoustics [The sound is rendered using head-related transfer functions, enabling directionality of sound sources.]
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- White noise [Noise that has the same power at all frequencies (i.e., a flat power spectrum).]
- Text
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Insert earphone [The stimulus is presented via insert earphones.]
- Headphone [The stimulus is presented via external headphones - either circumaural or supraaural.]
- Direct streaming to sound processor [The stimulus is directly streamed to the sound processor of a hearing device.]
- Text
For example: type of headphone or speaker.
Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Sound treated room [Test environment that has been treated acoustically.]
- Non-sound treated room [Test environment that has not been treated acoustically.]
- Free-field [Room with free-field characteristics, also called 'anechoic room'.]
- Text
For example: specific audiometric booth or a free text description of the room's sound treatment.
Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Loudspeaker [The stimulus is presented via a loudspeaker.]
- Insert earphone [The stimulus is presented via insert earphones.]
- Headphone [The stimulus is presented via external headphones - either circumaural or supraaural.]
- Direct streaming to sound processor [The stimulus is directly streamed to the sound processor of a hearing device.]
- Live voice [The stimulus is spoken.]
- Text
For example: type of headphone or speaker.
Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1
For example: a visual stimulus can be used to test lip reading skills.
- Auditory test [An auditory stimulus is presented to the test subject.]
- Audiovisual test [A combination of auditory and visual stimuli are presented to the test subject.]
- Visual test [A visual stimulus is presented to the test subject.]
- Open set [The response set is unlimited.]
- Closed set [The response set is limited.]
- Computer [The response is entered via a software interface.]
- Vocal [The response is given verbally.]
- Picture pointing [The response is given by pointing to a picture of the stimulus item.]
- Written response alternatives [The response is given by pointing to written text corresponding to the stimulus item.]
- Concrete object pointing [The response is given by pointing to a 3-dimensional object.]
- Word scoring [Counting correct words in responses.]
- Sentence scoring [Counting correct sentences in responses.]
- Phoneme scoring [Counting correct phonemes in responses.]
- Keyword scoring [Counting correct keywords in responses.]
For example: hearing aid or cochlear implant as type of device.
Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1
- Left [The hearing device is worn at the left side.]
- Right [The hearing device is worn at the right side.]
For example: information about hearing device settings.
For example: medication or noise exposure prior to test.
Choice of:
- Coded Text
- Native [Listener is native speaker in the presented test language.]
- Fluent [Listener is fluent in the presented test language.]
- Basic [Listener has only basic proficiency in the presented test language.]
- None [Listener has no proficiency in the presented test language.]
- Text
- Right ear [The test stimuli were presented to the right ear.]
- Left ear [The test stimuli were presented to the left ear.]
- Binaural [The test stimuli were presented to the both ears simultaneously.]
Applicable to both adaptive and fixed level/SNR measurements.
Test lists used together can be grouped using 'Related measurements' in 'SRT derived'.
If applicable for the specific test, for example: Matrix sentence test or German Freiburg monosyllabic speech test.
Applicable if the presented level at the beginning of a test list is not captured in the levels stored per test list item.
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB[SPL]{SPL}
Limit decimal places: 2
Applicable if the presented level at the beginning of a test list is not captured in the levels stored per test list item. Only applicable for measurements in noise.
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB SNR
Limit decimal places: 2
Only applicable for fixed level/SNR measurements (speech and noise level are constant during the complete test list).
- Percent
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB[SPL]{SPL}
Limit decimal places: 2
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB SNR
Limit decimal places: 2
- Percent
Not applicable for fixed level measurements.
For example: 50%.
- Percent
Assumed value: 50.0
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB[SPL]{SPL}
Limit decimal places: 2
Only applicable for measurements in noise.
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB SNR
Limit decimal places: 2
Property: null
Units: 0.0..100.0 [arb'U]{%}/dB
Limit decimal places: 2
Not applicable for adaptive level measurements.
For example: 50%.
- Percent
- Fraction
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB[SPL]{SPL}
Limit decimal places: 2
Only applicable for measurements in noise.
Property: Loudness
Units: -50.0..200.0 dB SNR
Limit decimal places: 2
Property: null
Units: 0.0..100.0 [arb'U]{%}/dB
Limit decimal places: 2
Include:
openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.exclusion_
Applicable if the speech intelligibility test requires training, for example: Matrix test.
Kathy Currie, Northern Territory Health, Australia
Sam Heard, Ocean Informatics, Australia (Editor)
Anthony Leech, Hearing Health, Australia
Kerrie Lee, Ngaanyatjarra Health Service, Australia
Heather Leslie, Atomica Informatics, Australia (Editor)
Ian McNicoll, Ocean Informatics UK, United Kingdom
Kirsten Wagener, Hörzentum Oldenburg, Germany
Tahereh Afghah, Hörzentum Oldenburg, Germany
Ania Warzybok, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Birger Kollmeier, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Lena Schell-Majoor, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Daniel Berg, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Eugen Kludt, Hannover Medical School and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Antje Wulff, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany
Pascal Biermann, University of Oldenburg and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Germany